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अर्जुन उवाचकैर्लिंगैस्त्रीन्गुणानेतानतीतो भवति प्रभो।किमाचारः कथं चैतांस्त्रीन्गुणानतिवर्तते।।14.21।।

arjuna uvācha kair liṅgais trīn guṇān etān atīto bhavati prabho kim āchāraḥ kathaṁ chaitāns trīn guṇān ativartate

Sanskrit Chant Recitation
Chapter 14, Verse 21
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Scripture Translation Room

Sanskrit to English Translation

Translator:
Arjuna said, "What are the marks of one who has transcended the three qualities, O Lord? What is their conduct, and how do they go beyond these three qualities?"

A Reading - Rantideb

Why: Arjuna asks what marks a person who has transcended these three qualities, by what conduct, and how do they go beyond them, wanting the practical, observable description rather than only the conceptual claim.

In life: after hearing an inspiring but abstract description of a goal, it's fair to ask directly what it would actually look like in practice, in someone's real, observable conduct.

Teaching: the next time you're given an inspiring but abstract description of a desirable state, ask directly what it would actually look like in practice, the way Arjuna does here, rather than settling for the abstract version alone.

arjunaḥ uvāchaArjun inquired
kaiḥby what
liṅgaiḥsymptoms
trīnthree
guṇānmodes of material nature
etānthese
atītaḥhaving transcended
bhavatiis
prabhoLord
kimwhat
āchāraḥconduct
kathamhow
chaand
etānthese
trīnthree
guṇānmodes of material nature
ativartatetranscend

Deep Classical Commentary (Bhashya)

Author:
14.21 कैः by what? लिंगैः by marks? त्रीन् three? गुणान् Gunas? एतान् these? अतीतः crossed? भवति becomes? प्रभो O Lord? किमाचारः what (is his) conduct? कथम् how? च and? एतान् these? त्रीन् three? गुणान् Gunas? अतिवर्तते goes beyond.Commentary Arjuna said O Lord? by what characteristics may a man be recognised as having gone beyond the three alities What is the behaviour of that Trigunatita sage (one who has gone beyond the three alities) and how does he go beyond the world and is above the Gunas Tell me that.These are the characteristics of the sage who has gone beyond the Gunas others should cultivate them.Just as a king is able to remove the grievances and sorrows of his servants? so also the Lord is able to remove the sorrows of His devotees. That is the reason why Arjuna addresses Sri Krishna as Lord and uses the term Prabhu. By using this word? Arjuna hinted to the Lord that He alone was capable of relieving his sorrows and pains. (Cf.II.54)